Table 1 The GHG emission and waste factors of main building materials.

From: System based greenhouse emission analysis of off-site prefabrication: a comparative study of residential projects

Building material

Waste factor (%)

CO2 emission coefficient (kg CO2/kg)

GHG emission coefficient (kg CO2−e/kg)

Ready-mixed concrete

2.5

0.113

0.120

Cement

2.5

0.653

0.698

Sand

2.5

0.0069

0.007

Steel

5.0

0.352

0.367

Brick

2.5

0.23

0.246

Glass

0

1.735

1.854

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