Figure 1

Structural and morphological characterization of AB-ALI and PN-ALI differentiated CRpBECs. (A) Trans-epithelial electrical resistance (TEER, RTE) values of AB-ALI and PN-ALI cultures. Each TEER data point represents an average of 10–15 transwells from each donor during the differentiation phase (d7-28). (B) Representative images of immunofluorescence staining of tight junctions (ZO-1, red). Yellow highlighted region shows 1 AB-ALI cell is equivalent to approximately 4 PN-ALI cells (Scale bar = 10 μm). (C) Representative images of immunofluorescence staining of ciliated cells (anti-acetylated α-tubulin (red)), and DAPI stained nucleated cells (blue) (Scale bar = 100 μm). (D, E) Representative images of Alcian blue/Periodic acid-Schiff-stained ALI cultures (Scale bar = 50 μm), black arrows indicate dense labelling for alcian blue. (F) Active cilia area and (G) cilia beat frequency measurements in AB-ALI and PN-ALI cultures. Five different fields of view were sampled per donor. A color-matched symbol in both groups represents an individual donor. n = 5. Data presented as mean ± SEM. Data were analyzed using a Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed rank teat, p < 0.05 was considered significant.