Figure 4

Effect of porosity (f) on the macroscopic yield loci of nanoporous aluminum. The nanovoids radius and the surface bending modulus are taken as \(a = 1\)nm and \(\eta _0=-30\)nN nm. Two sets of surface bulk and shear moduli are considered: Case 1 (\(\kappa _0=12.95\) nN/nm, \(\mu _0=-0.376\) nN/nm) and Case 2 (\(\kappa _0=-3.86\) nN/nm, \(\mu _0=-5.43\) nN/nm).