Table 1 Unstandardized point and interval estimates, H0 tests, and standardized slopes for the hypothesized model for the whole sample.
From: Parental socialization of guilt and shame in early childhood
b | SE | p | 95% CI | b* | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Direct effects | |||||
Warmth on guilt | 0.24 | 0.14 | .095 | − 0.04, 0.52 | 0.21 |
Warmth on verbal shame-like avoidance | − 0.19 | 0.18 | .288 | − 0.55, 0.16 | − 0.13 |
Warmth on nonverbal shame-like avoidance | 0.04 | 0.04 | .318 | − 0.03, 0.10 | 0.10 |
Warmth on helping | − 0.71 | 0.29 | .013 | − 1.26, 0.15 | − 0.25 |
MSL on guilt | 0.01 | 0.01 | .607 | − 0.02, 0.03 | 0.07 |
MSL on verbal shame-like avoidance | 0.01 | 0.03 | .791 | − 0.04, 0.06 | 0.05 |
MSL on nonverbal shame-like avoidance | 0.01 | 0.01 | .223 | − 0.004, 0.02 | 0.19 |
MSL on helping | − 0.00 | 0.03 | .962 | − 0.07, 0.06 | − 0.006 |
Guilt on helping | 0.23 | 0.26 | .390 | − 0.29, 0.74 | 0.09 |
Verbal shame-like avoidance on helping | − 0.64 | 0.22 | .003 | − 1.07, − 0.22 | − 0.34 |
Nonverbal shame-like avoidance on helping | − 0.95 | 1.01 | .345 | − 2.92, 1.02 | − 0.12 |
Age on guilt | 0.02 | 0.01 | < .001 | 0.01, 0.04 | 0.46 |
Age on verbal shame-like avoidance | 0.01 | 0.01 | .510 | − 0.01, 0.02 | 0.08 |
Age on nonverbal shame-like avoidance | − 0.001 | 0.00 | .487 | − 0.01, 0.002 | − 0.09 |
Age on helping | 0.02 | 0.02 | .273 | − 0.01, 0.05 | 0.13 |
Moderation effects | |||||
Warmth × MSL on helping | 0.12 | 0.05 | .013 | 0.03, 0.22 | 0.30 |
MSL on helping at low levels of warmth | − 0.12 | 0.06 | .036 | − 0.24, − 0.01 | − 0.50 |
MSL on helping at high levels of warmth | 0.12 | 0.06 | .043 | 0.004, 0.24 | 0.50 |
Warmth × MSL on guilt | 0.03 | 0.03 | .371 | − 0.04, 0.09 | 0.18 |
