Table 1 Patient characteristics.

From: Preoperative thalamus volume is not associated with preoperative cognitive impairment (preCI) or postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD)

 

All

N = 301

No PreCI nor POCD

N = 243

PreCI

N = 34

POCD

N = 25

Age [years]—mean (SD)

72.4 (4.9)

72.0 (4.8)

73.7 (4.4)

75.1 (6.0)

Female sex

131 (43.5%)

104 (42.8%)

17 (50%)

11 (44.0%)

Body mass index (BMI)—median (IQR)

26.6 (5.1)

26.5 (5.0)

26.8 (7.6)

27.1 (7.4)

PreCI

34 (11.3%)

–

–

1 (4.0%)

Postoperative delirium

44 (14.6%)

36 (14.8%)

7 (20.6%)

1 (4.0%)

POCD

25 (8.3%)

–

1 (2.9%)

–

Diabetes

72 (23.9%)

59 (24.3%)

7 (20.6%)

6 (24.0%)

Hypertension

203 (67.4%)

163 (67.1%)

22 (64.7%)

18 (72.0%)

History of stroke

13 (4.3%)

9 (3.7%)

3 (8.3%)

1 (4.0%)

Malignancy

115 (38.2%)

96 (39.5%)

12 (35.3%)

7 (28.0%)

Preoperative anaemia

81 (26.9%)

65 (26.7%)

9 (26.5%)

8 (23.0%)

Mini-mental state examination (MMSE)—median (IQR)

29 (2.0)

29 (2)

28 (2)

28 (1.1)

Benzodiazepine premedication

38 (12.6%)

29 (11.9%)

4 (11.8%)

5 (20.0%)

Duration of anesthesia [min]—mean (SD)

183.9 (116.3)

N = 295

194.5 (120.7) N = 238

137.8 (88.8)

N = 33

142.4 (74.6)

Type of anesthesia

 General

230 (76.4%)

178 (73.3%)

31 (91.2%)

22 (88.0%)

 Regional

15 (5%)

13 (5.3%)

1 (2.9%)

1 (4.0%)

 Combined

56 (18.6%)

52 (21.4%)

2 (5.9%)

2 (8.0%)

Type of surgery

 Musculoskeletal

85 (28.2%)

69 (28.4%)

9 (26.5%)

8 (32.0%)

 Gastrointestinal

51 (16.9%)

45 (18.5%)

2 (5.9%)

4 (16.0%)

 Cardiovascular or thoracic

17 (5.6%)

15 (6.2%)

1 (2.9%)

1 (4.0%)

 Genitourinary

66 (21.9%)

54 (22.2%)

9 (26.5%)

3 (12.0%)

 Otorhinolaryngology

23 (7.6%)

16 (6.6%)

6 (17.6%)

1 (4.0%)

 Oral and maxillofacial

16 (5.3%)

10 (4.1%)

5 (14.7%)

1 (4.0%)

 Ophthalmology

22 (7.3%)

18 (7.4%)

1 (2.9%)

3 (12.0%)

 Neurosurgery

6 (2.0%)

3 (1.2%)

1 (2.9%)

2 (8.0%)

 Other

15 (5.0%)

13 (5.3%)

0 (0%)

2 (8.0%)

ASA score

 ASA I

7 (2.3%)

6 (2.5%)

1 (2.9%)

0 (0%)

 ASA II

204 (67.8%)

166 (68.3%)

23 (67.6%)

16 (64%)

 ASA III

90 (29.9%)

71 (29.2%)

10 (29.4%)

9 (36%)

Length of stay [days]—median (IQR)

6 (6)

6 (6)

5.5 (5.25)

4 (6)

Inhouse mortality

5 (1.7%)

4 (1.6%)

1 (2.9%)

–

Follow-up at 3 months

212 (70.4%)

168 (69.1%)

20 (58.8%)

–

Thalamus volume [cm3]—mean (SD)

12.9 (1.6)

13.0 (2.5)

12.5 (1.3)

13.1 (1.6)

Intracranial volume [cm3]—mean (SD)

1339.0 (212.4)

1333.4 (207.9)

1321.6 (216.8)

1414.7 (239.4)

  1. The table shows characteristics of all participants, the preoperative cognitive impairment (preCI) group and the postoperative cognitive dysfunction group (POCD) group. For categorical variables percentages are given instead of mean and standard deviation (SD) in parentheses. Percentages refer to the proportion of the corresponding group. The N of patients with available data was added in grey to items with cases of missing data. (ASA score ≙ American Society of Anesthesiologists’ Physical Status Classification; IQR ≙ Interquartile Range ≙ 25th to 75th percentile).
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