Figure 2

(a) Close-up view of Fig. 1c, where the white arrows point to the regional smooth floor sections with a base elevation close to approximately − 4200 m (for example, elevation profile X to X′). The numbers 1–4 mark the locations of neighboring enclosed depressions, which have bases at approximately − 4700 m (as shown in elevation profiles Y to Y′, Z to Z′). (b) A closer look at a portion of panel (a), specifically one of the enclosed depressions. Red arrows highlight Y-shaped fracture patterns, suggesting extension and subsidence related to the origin of the depressions. The yellow arrow points to a sinuous, uphill-facing scarp, which is consistent with compression along the convergence zones of opposing subsided flanks. A dashed, yellow ellipse encloses pitted cones within the subsided depression. (c) An even closer view of a compressional ridge, showing that it has an uphill-facing scarp (yellow arrow). (a, b) HRSC and MOLA DEM (200 m/pixel; MOLA data credit: NASA; HRSC data credit: ESA/DLR/FU Berlin) superimposed on a portion of a CTX mosaic (6 m/pixel; credit: NASA/JPL/Malin Space Science Systems48) (Source: https://www.msss.com/mro/marci/images/tips/mediatips.html). (c) HiRISE image ESP_071490_1805, with ~ 50 pixels per degree, centered at 1° 0′ 10.74″ N; 34° 33′ 36.05″ W (credit: NASA/JPL/University of Arizona) (Source: https://www.uahirise.org/media/usage.php).