Table 2 Descriptive statistics and means of agro-morphological traits of 21 cultivated S. flexuosa (L.) Medik. ecotypes across phenological stages [B Budding, SF Start of flowering and FF Full flowering] and years (2019 and 2020).
Mean | SEM | Min. | Max. | CV (%) | Phenological stage (PS) | Year (Y) | Ecotype (E) | Y | PS | E × Y | E × PS | Y × PS | E × Y × PS | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
B | SF | FF | 2019 | 2020 | |||||||||||||
Number of plagiotropic branches | 9.1 | 0.1 | 4.9 | 14.9 | 15.4 | 9.0 | 9.3 | 8.5 | 9.8 | *** | *** | ** | *** | ** | *** | *** | |
Plant height (cm) | 65.2 | 0.8 | 40.7 | 107.4 | 16.6 | 61.7 | 68.8 | 64.0 | 66.5 | *** | ** | *** | *** | *** | ns | *** | |
Length of the orthotropic axis (cm) | 60.5 | 0.7 | 36.4 | 98.7 | 18.1 | 57.0 | 64.0 | 59.8 | 61.2 | *** | ** | *** | *** | *** | ns | *** | |
Length of the longest plagiotropic branch (cm) | 106.8 | 1.3 | 66.8 | 138.3 | 19.0 | 99.2 | 114.4 | 92.4 | 121.2 | *** | *** | *** | *** | *** | ns | *** | |
Number of leaves per plant | 344.8 | 8.8 | 164.0 | 861.2 | 24.7 | 326.9 | 362.7 | 261.9 | 427.6 | *** | *** | *** | *** | *** | *** | *** | |
Number of inflorescences per plant | 159.8 | 3.9 | 79.9 | 316.6 | 35.9 | 143.4 | 176.1 | 148.7 | 170.9 | *** | *** | *** | *** | *** | *** | *** | |
Number of total branches | 164.5 | 3.6 | 70.2 | 413.6 | 24.2 | 159.5 | 169.4 | 152.9 | 176.0 | *** | *** | ** | *** | *** | ns | *** | |
Stem diameter (cm) | 1.1 | 0.0 | 0.9 | 1.5 | 12.6 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.1 | *** | * | *** | *** | *** | ns | *** | |
Fresh matter yield (T/ha) | 33.0 | 0.6 | 19.6 | 50.0 | 3.8 | 28.8c | 32.9b | 37.2a | 32.6 | 33.3 | *** | *** | *** | *** | *** | ns | *** |
Dry matter yield (T/ha) | 4.8 | 0.1 | 3.0 | 7.2 | 5.8 | 3.8c | 4.8b | 5.9a | 4.8 | 4.9 | *** | ns | *** | *** | *** | ns | ns |
Leaf-to-stem ratio | 0.57 | 0.01 | 0.39 | 0.84 | 6.00 | 0.69a | 0.56b | 0.47c | 0.55 | 0.59 | *** | *** | *** | *** | *** | ns | * |
Number of days to emergence (°C) | 89.3 | 1.8 | 64.6 | 115.0 | 6.8 | *** | |||||||||||
Flower bud appearance (°C) | 525.3 | 4.0 | 473.3 | 587.9 | 1.2 | *** | |||||||||||
Start of flowering (°C) | 613.2 | 3.5 | 540.2 | 689.8 | 0.4 | *** | |||||||||||
Full flowering (°C) | 642.8 | 2.7 | 605.0 | 703.4 | 1.4 | *** | |||||||||||
End of flowering (°C) | 758.1 | 6.3 | 695.8 | 831.5 | 5.2 | *** | |||||||||||
Flowering duration (°C) | 146.9 | 4.1 | 98.7 | 241.7 | 5.2 | *** | |||||||||||
Thousand seeds weight (g) | 5.9 | 0.1 | 4.6 | 6.9 | 2.8 | *** | |||||||||||
Seed weight per plant (g) | 23.6 | 0.5 | 17.1 | 31.0 | 4.9 | *** | |||||||||||
