Table 1 General characteristics and dietary intakes of participants according to the quartiles of PRAL.

From: Association between dietary acid load and the odds of ulcerative colitis: a case–control study

 

Quartiles of PRAL

Q1(n = 47)

Q2 (n = 46)

Q3 (n = 47)

Q4 (n = 46)

P-valuea

Age (years)

37.80 ± 12.8

36.97 ± 13.1

39.02 ± 12.4

32.65 ± 10.5

0.07

Male (%)

29.8

37

48.9

58.7

0.026

Body mass index (kg/m2)

25.82 ± 3.8

25.39 ± 3.7

25.81 ± 3.5

24.52 ± 4.1

0.31

Education (%)

0.70

 Primary

10.6

8.7

6.4

2.2

 

 Secondary and high school

55.3

47.8

53.2

52.2

 

 University

34

43.5

40.4

45.7

 

Current Smoking (%)

6.4

15.2

8.5

4.3

0.27

H. pylori infection (%)

0

6.5

4.3

6.5

0.36

Family history of UC (%)

2.1

0

2.1

0

0.57

Total calories (Kcal/day)

2584.3 ± 598.7

2573.1 ± 661.6

2623.7 ± 542.8

3001.3 ± 592.8

0.001

Total carbohydrate (g/day)

366.5 ± 82.1

350.5 ± 99.9

353.1 ± 82.2

380.6 ± 87.3

0.33

Total protein (g/day)

81.1 ± 18.5

84.6 ± 27.3

90.2 ± 20.5

114.6 ± 31.2

 < 0.001

Total fat (g/day)

95.2 ± 30.2

98.0 ± 27.5

99.6 ± 26.9

117.5 ± 30.6

0.001

SAFAs (g/day)

27.2 ± 9.86

27.8 ± 9.32

29.5 ± 11.7

34.4 ± 10.5

0.004

MUFAs (g/day)

31.8 ± 10.2

33.6 ± 9.77

33.2 ± 9.16

40.1 ± 10.9

0.001

PUFAs (g/day)

23.1 ± 8.62

23.7 ± 7.93

22.9 ± 7.82

26.3 ± 6.90

0.13

Trans-fatty acids (g/day)

0.027 ± 0.011

0.031 ± 0.007

0.010 ± 0.002

0.026 ± 0.007

0.57

Total dietary fiber (g/1000 kcal)

20.91 ± 6.84

21.97 ± 8.33

20.14 ± 7.30

22.24 ± 8.06

0.52

  1. Data are presented as mean (standard deviation) for continuous variables and percent for categorically distributed variables.
  2. aChi-square test for qualitative variables and one-way ANOVA test for quantitative variables.
  3. PRAL potential renal acid load, UC ulcerative colitis.
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