Table 1 Risk of infection by different diarrheal pathogens among children according to their demographic conditions.

From: Multidrug resistance pattern and molecular epidemiology of pathogens among children with diarrhea in Bangladesh, 2019–2021

Variables

Case patients no./total no. (%)

Risk of infection by bacterial pathogens (95% CI) (p value)

Risk of infection by virus pathogens (95% CI) (p value)

Risk of mixed infection (95% CI) (p value)

Sex

 Male

248/404 (62)

1.85 (0.97–2.64) (.0001)

1.54 (0.84–1.9) (.01)

1.86 (0.72–2.9) (.003)

 Female

156/404 (38)

1.1 (0.32–1.5) (.005)

0.56 (0.2–0.64) (.002)

1.02 (0.42–1.95) (.005)

Age in months

 1–3

93/404 (23)

2.3 (0.9–2.8) (.01)

5.85 (2.3–7.42) (.005)

1.6 (0.53–2.77) (.03)

 4–11

80/404 (20)

1.85 (0.73–2.95) (.005)

3.59 (1.85–4.98) (.003)

1.85 (0.62–3.4) (.004)

 12–23

75/404 (18.5)

1.5 (0.6–2.7) (.002)

2.1 (0.3–3.9) (.001)

1.02 (0.4–1.8) (.03)

 24–35

64/404 (16)

2.1 (0.9–3.4) (.001)

3.53 (1.32–5.65) (.003)

1.54 (0.6–2.4) (.01)

 36–47

43/404 (11)

1.15 (0.4–2.64) (.001)

1.3 (0.4–2.5) (.003)

1.6 (0.7–2.9) (.004)

 48–60

28/404 (7)

1.52 (0.45–3.85) (.001)

1.93 (0.62–2.85) (.003)

1.45 (0.4–2.8) (.001)

 > 60

21/404 (5.2)

0.4 (0.2–1.8) (.006)

1.6 (0.6–2.5) (.001)

1.89 (0.22–2.95) (.005)

Hospitalization

 ≤ 2 days

78/404 (19)

1.3 (0.66–1.94) (.03)

2.68 (1.32–3.89) (.007)

0.8 (0.2–1.9) (.07)

 3–5 days

186/404 (46)

1.81 (0.87–2.95) (.005)

3.23 (1.48–4.93) (.001)

2.63 (1.57–3.85) (.003)

 ≥ 6 days

98/404 (24)

3.87 (1.65–5.74) (.001)

1.05 (0.22–1.98) (.005)

4.5 (2.8–7.55) (.005)

 Not hospitalized

42/404 (10)

1.42 (0.53–1.95) (.006)

0.8 (0.2–1.7) (.03)

0.6 (0.1–1.3) (.05)

Antibiotics used

 Yes

386/404 (95.5)

3.42 (1.52–5.82) (.005)

1.01 (0.86–1.74) (.84)

1.86 (0.53–2.21) (.003)

 No

18/404 (4.5)

0.21 (0.1–0.95) (.53)

0.73 (0.32–1.87) (.64)

0.91 (0.38–1.24) (.004)

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