Figure 9

(a) Modelled and Observed rain rates in sub-watersheds during the 5th and 6th of October 2022 (\(\mathrm{mm}/\mathrm{h}\)). Note that the model configured with Morrison’s double moment scheme is able to reasonably reproduce diurnal variations in rain rates over the study region during the chosen time window. Area-averaged observed rain rates have been sourced from the 3-hourly GLDAS Model product (GLDAS_NOAH025_3H v2.1) over the selected region 78.4277 E, 10.1045 N, 80.2954 E, 12.0161 N. (b) Modelled accumulated rainfall in sub-watersheds during 5th and 6th of October 2022. (c) Modelled rain rates (\(\mathrm{mm}/\mathrm{h}\)) in sub-watersheds during October 2050. Note short-duration (1–3 \(\mathrm{h}\)) increased rainfall events in SW1, SW3 and SW5. (d) Modelled accumulated rainfall in sub-watersheds during the 5th and 6th of October 2050. (e) Spatial distribution of accumulated received precipitation (\(\mathrm{mm}\)) over the chosen study region (inner domain) during 2nd–6th October 2022. (f) Spatial distribution of accumulated received precipitation (\(\mathrm{mm}\)) over the chosen study region (inner domain) during October 2050 (created using MATLAB R2022a (Academic License) https://www.mathworks.com and Origin Pro 2023b (Learning Edition) https://www.originlab.com/).