Figure 2

Model output of axial sap flow velocity (left) and water potential (right, both relative units) in a stem 1 m below to 4 m above a cut severing the sapwood in half of the stem (white notch). Arrows show the upward direction of water flow. Green dots in the left model represent points of sap flow measurements by5. Sap flow velocities > 3 (white) result from mathematical singularity at sharp 90° angles. Because radial conductance is very low and not relevant for the re-distribution of sap flow, the simplified model is two-dimensional with axial to tangential conductance 20:1 (see text for details).