Table 1 Clinical variables in patients with CoNS bacteremia according to whether or not it was associated with IE.
From: Risk of endocarditis among patients with coagulase-negative Staphylococcus bacteremia
IE (n = 12) | No IE (n = 73) | p | |
|---|---|---|---|
Demographic and comorbidities | |||
Age (years) | 75 (64–80) | 66 (55–75) | 0.088 |
Gender (female) | 41.7% (5/12) | 42.5% (31/73) | 1.000 |
Simple Charlson Index | 3 (1–4) | 2 (1–4) | 0.360 |
Age-adjusted Charlson Index | 6 (4–8) | 4 (3–7) | 0.086 |
Arterial hypertension | 66.7% (8/12) | 47.9% (35/73) | 0.367 |
Diabetes mellitus | 50.0% (6/12) | 26.0% (19/73) | 0.093 |
COPD | 8.3% (1/12) | 12.3% (9/73) | 1.000 |
Chronic renal failure | 16.7% (2/12) | 24.7% (18/73) | 0.720 |
Hemodialysis | 0 | 6.8% (6/73) | 1.000 |
Solid organ malignancy | 33.3% (4/12) | 16.2% (11/68) | 0.224 |
Hematologic malignancy | 0 | 27.9% (19/68) | 0.060 |
Autoimmune disease | 33.3% (4/12) | 7.4% (5/68) | 0.025 |
Chronic liver disease | 0 | 5.5% (4/73) | 0.620 |
Dementia | 16.7% (2/12) | 13.7% (10/73) | 1.000 |
Recent SARS-CoV2 infection | 8.3% (1/12) | 6.8% (5/73) | 1.000 |
Previous cardiac conditions | |||
Chronic heart failure | 41.7% (5/12) | 21.9% (16/73) | 0.167 |
Native valve diseases | 25.0% (3/12) | 11.0% (8/73) | 0.350 |
Prosthetic valve | 41.7% (5/12) | 1.4% (1/73) | < 0.001 |
CIED | 8.3% (1/12) | 6.8% (5/73) | 1.000 |
Bacteremia clinical presentation | |||
Community-acquired | 41.7% (5/12) | 19.2% (14/73) | 0.091 |
More than 7 days of symptoms | 25.0% (3/12) | 9.6% (7/73) | 0.146 |
Fever | 100% (12/12) | 88.2% (60/68) | 0.462 |
Severe sepsis | 25.0% (3/12) | 19.1% (13/68) | 0.698 |
Septic shock | 0 | 4.4% (3/68) | 1.000 |
SOFA (points) | 2 (1–3) | 2 (0–4) | 0.977 |
Pitt index (points) | 1 (0–2) | 0 (0–2) | 0.218 |
Prolonged (> 12 h) bacteremia* | 58.3% (7/12) | 13.4% (9/68) | 0.003 |
Polymicrobial bacteremia | 0 | 9.6% (7/73) | 0.459 |
Staphylococcus epidermidis | 75.0% (9/12) | 58.9% (43/73) | 0.353 |
Staphylococcus hominis | 9,1% (1/12) | 27.4% (20/73) | 0.156 |
Staphylococcus haemolyticus | 9,1% (1/12) | 9.6% (7/73) | 0.890 |
Staphylococcus capitis | 9,1% (1/12) | 2.7% (2/73) | 0.331 |
Staphylococcus schleiferi | 0 | 1.4% (1/73) | 0.683 |
Meticilin-resistant CoNS | 50.0% (6/12) | 76.1% (51/67) | 0.083 |
All blood culture bottles positive | 75.0% (9/12) | 41.1% (30/73) | 0.057 |
Transesophageal echocardiogram performed** | 83.3% (10/12) | 30.1% (22/73) | < 0.001 |
Outcome | |||
Effective initial antibiotics | 50.0% (6/12) | 60.3% (44/73) | 0.507 |
Source control recommended and not performed*** | 25.0% (3/12) | 4.1% (3/73) | 0.034 |
30-day all-cause mortality | 33.3% (4/12) | 6.8% (5/73) | 0.025 |
Bacteremia-related 30-day mortality | 16.7% (2/12) | 0 | 0.024 |
