Table 1 Effects of the extraction temperature and time of SWE on DPPH radical scavenging activity, ABTS radical scavenging activity, and FRAP in propolis.
From: Enhanced extraction of bioactive compounds from propolis (Apis mellifera L.) using subcritical water
Extraction conditions | Antioxidant activity | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Temperature (°C) | Time (min) | DPPH (%) | ABTS (%) | FRAP (mg TE/g) |
110 | 10 | 62.07 ± 1.37a | 94.14 ± 0.79a | 127.19 ± 8.04ab |
20 | 68.10 ± 1.21c | 96.02 ± 0.43bcd | 148.96 ± 13.24bc | |
30 | 65.15 ± 1.56b | 94.31 ± 0.55ab | 122.29 ± 12.48a | |
130 | 10 | 68.99 ± 1.28cd | 94.37 ± 0.95a | 170.04 ± 1.64c |
20 | 75.06 ± 0.91f | 96.64 ± 0.79cde | 244.05 ± 16.35de | |
30 | 74.09 ± 1.65f | 94.82 ± 0.79a | 229.05 ± 5.63d | |
150 | 10 | 71.56 ± 0.84e | 95.90 ± 0.85bcd | 255.41 ± 1.63e |
20 | 74.77 ± 0.48f | 97.04 ± 1.00de | 395.78 ± 6.15h | |
30 | 74.60 ± 0.48f | 95.51 ± 1.55abc | 311.84 ± 16.18f | |
170 | 10 | 71.22 ± 1.90de | 96.53 ± 0.77cde | 357.93 ± 6.02g |
20 | 81.56 ± 1.44h | 97.90 ± 0.65ef | 564.65 ± 28.92k | |
30 | 77.59 ± 0.44g | 96.59 ± 0.74cde | 508.24 ± 23.63j | |
190 | 10 | 74.22 ± 1.24f | 97.33 ± 0.77de | 457.55 ± 6.64i |
20 | 86.24 ± 0.32i | 98.86 ± 0.36f | 715.80 ± 22.39n | |
30 | 78.48 ± 0.55g | 97.67 ± 0.71ef | 689.69 ± 8.85m | |
200 | 10 | 82.28 ± 1.32h | 97.90 ± 1.03ef | 582.17 ± 8.39k |
20 | 88.73 ± 0.58j | 98.86 ± 0.69f | 858.89 ± 11.48o | |
30 | 85.02 ± 1.53i | 97.61 ± 0.17ef | 662.81 ± 16.39l | |