Figure 4

Neutrophil NETosis inducibility at different surgical time points upon PMA induction. (A) Neutrophil NETosis inducibility over the time course of the TAVI/PAVI surgery. The box and whisker plot of the dataset analysed by two-way repeated measures ANOVA, which revealed a highly significant source of variation of both PMA induction and individual difference (both p < 0.0001). Filled box: spontaneous NETosis in TAVI/PAVI patients, n = 9; unfilled box: PMA-induced NETosis in TAVI/PAVI patients, n = 9. The centre line denotes the median value (50th percentile), while the box contains the 25th to 75th percentiles of dataset. The whiskers mark the minimum and maximum values, and all data points are marked with dots. The four different measured time points were before surgery (0 h, during induction of anaesthesia), end of surgery (closing of sternum, or end of TAVI/PAVI), 24 h and 48 h after surgery. Post-hoc analysis with Šídák’s multiple comparison test correction revealed highly significant induced NETosis upon PMA stimulation across all surgical time points (**p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001). (B) Neutrophil NETosis inducibility over the time course of the ACB surgery. The bar figure of the dataset analysed by a mixed-effects model (REML), which revealed a highly significant type III fixed effect of PMA stimulation and significant effects of both time and time x PMA-stimulation interaction (p = 0.0001, 0.0409, and 0.0187, respectively) on the inducibility of neutrophils NETosis. Filled box: spontaneous NETosis in ACB patients, n = 9; unfilled box: PMA-induced NETosis in ACB patients, n = 9. The centre line denotes the median value (50th percentile), while the box contains the 25th to 75th percentiles of dataset. The whiskers mark the minimum and maximum values, and all data points are marked with dots. The four different measured time points were before surgery (0 h, during induction of anaesthesia), end of surgery (closing of sternum, or end of TAVI/PAVI), 24 h and 48 h after surgery. Post-hoc analysis with Šídák’s multiple comparison test correction revealed (highly) significant induced-NETosis upon PMA stimulation across all surgical time points (*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01).