Figure 3

Representative fields of senescence-associated protein biomarkers and NOXA staining in invasive breast cancer. A representative case of stage II Invasive Ductal Carcinoma (IDC) of the breast before (upper panels) and after exposure to NAC (lower panels) stained by IHC for (A) Lamin B1, (B) Ki-67, (C) p16INK4a, and (D) NOXA. The figure shows the decline in Lamin B1 and Ki-67 with increase in p16INK4a; a signature indicative of TIS post-NAC accompanied with decreased NOXA protein expression. Cytoplasmic staining of p16INK4a is considered negative staining43. Scale bars = 5 µm. Images were acquired at 40x.