Table 3 Grain yield, land equivalent ratio, and the competitive ratio of wheat and soybean under different planting systems.

From: Spatial differences influence nitrogen uptake, grain yield, and land-use advantage of wheat/soybean relay intercropping systems

Years

Planting systems

Grain yield (kg ha-1)

Land equivalent ratio (LER)

Competitive ratio

Wheat

Soybean

Total grain yield

Wheat

Soybean

Total LER

Wheat

Soybean

2018–19

Sole wheat

4518.8 ± 171.8a

Sole soybean

1689.1 ± 45.7a

Narrow strips

2533.3 ± 206.5b

914.4 ± 54.9c

3447.7 ± 260.1b

0.56 ± 0.05b

0.54 ± 0.05c

1.11 ± 0.09b

1.04 ± 0.04a

0.97 ± 0.04b

Medium strips

2622.2 ± 190.7b

993.6 ± 74.6c

3615.8 ± 264.7b

0.58 ± 0.05b

0.59 ± 0.05b

1.17 ± 0.10b

0.99 ± 0.04a

1.01 ± 0.04b

Wide strips

2857.1 ± 173.4b

1206.6 ± 40.2b

4063.0 ± 212.8a

0.64 ± 0.05a

0.72 ± 0.04a

1.35 ± 0.09a

0.88 ± 0.04b

1.13 ± 0.05a

LSD

485.7

174.1

183.2

0.04

0.04

0.07

0.06

0.06

2019–20

Sole wheat

4301.1 ± 115.7a

Sole soybean

1596.3 ± 38.8a

Narrow strips

2307.7 ± 105.1b

836.1 ± 68.9c

3143.7 ± 173.3b

0.54 ± 0.03b

0.52 ± 0.05c

1.06 ± 0.07b

1.03 ± 0.04a

0.97 ± 0.04b

Medium strips

2441.4 ± 147.6b

915.8 ± 64.5bc

3357.2 ± 211.2b

0.57 ± 0.03ab

0.57 ± 0.05b

1.14 ± 0.08b

0.99 ± 0.02a

1.01 ± 0.02b

Wide strips

2646.6 ± 228.7b

1125.3 ± 84.6b

3771.9 ± 312.5a

0.62 ± 0.06a

0.71 ± 0.06a

1.32 ± 0.11a

0.87 ± 0.01b

1.15 ± 0.01a

LSD

375.3

159.9

300.8

0.06

0.03

0.09

0.10

0.11

2020–21

Sole wheat

4231.6 ± 207.9a

Sole soybean

1641.7 ± 88.3a

Narrow strips

2197.5 ± 117.4c

858.5 ± 30.6c

3055.0 ± 146.4c

0.52 ± 0.01c

0.53 ± 0.03c

1.04 ± 0.03c

0.99 ± 0.04a

1.01 ± 0.04c

Medium strips

2305.3 ± 123.7c

944.3 ± 44.5c

3249.6 ± 166.1b

0.54 ± 0.01b

0.58 ± 0.03b

1.12 ± 0.04b

0.95 ± 0.04a

1.06 ± 0.05b

Wide strips

2523.4 ± 133.7b

1146.5 ± 39.6b

3669.9 ± 173.0a

0.60 ± 0.01a

0.70 ± 0.03a

1.30 ± 0.04a

0.85 ± 0.02b

1.17 ± 0.03a

LSD

168.9

139.2

57.6

0.01

0.02

0.02

0.05

0.05

  1. Means are averages over three replicates ± standard error of the mean. NS: Non-significant differences were detected between means using the LSD test.