Figure 3
Family-specific effects for parental psychological control and adolescent positive affect. Displayed are the percentage of families (n = 155, see also Table 2) who showed different directions of effects for the association between parental psychological control and adolescent positive affect. Among the families with reciprocal effects (23.2%), displayed is the number who showed one of the four qualitatively different cycles. + = positive effect size. − = negative effect size.
