Table 3 Direction of lagged parenting-affect effects summarized per family.

From: The direction of effects between parenting and adolescent affective well-being in everyday life is family specific

Direction of effects

Associations with

PA & NA

Associations with

PA

Associations with

NA

N (%)

N (%)

N (%)

1. Completely reciprocal

0 (0.0%)

6 (3.9%)

1 (0.7%)

2. Completely parent-driven

0 (0.0%)

2 (1.3%)

0 (0%)

3. Completely adolescent-driven

0 (0.0%)

1 (0.7%)

1 (0.7%)

4. No lagged effects at all

0 (0.0%)

3 (2.0%)

17 (11.1%)

5. Mix of lagged and no effects

153 (100.0%)

141 (89.8%)

135 (88.2%)

Total

153 (100.0%)

153 (100.0%)

153 (100.0%)

  1. PA, positive affect; NA, negative affect.