Table 12 Toxicity of the tested nanoemulsion from Aloe vera and Rheum rhabarbarum five days post-treatment of Hyalomma dromedarii males.

From: Novel acaricidal and growth-regulating activity of Aloe vera and Rheum rhabarbarum extracts and their oil/water nanoemulsions against the camel tick, Hyalomma dromedarii

Plant extract

Aloe vera

Rheum rhabarbarum

LC50

Lower

upper

LC90

Lower

upper

LC95

Lower

upper

LC50

Lower

upper

LC90

Lower

upper

LC95

Lower

upper

 

2.8

1.92

5.82

12.9

7.23-

20.0

15.8

8.86

57.76

1.02

0.53

1.58

15.2

7.95

55.44

32.72

14.29

182.10

Chi

0.949

0.458

Degree of freedom (df)

3

3

Significance

0.917a

0.928a

Regression equation

Y = 1*x + 0.02

Y = .8571*x + 0.1714

R squared (R2)

0.975

0.968

Relative toxicity

2.7

1.0

Toxicity index

36.4

100

Reference (lowest toxicity)

Aloe vera

Relative toxicity before and after nanoformulations

(Reference: values before formulations)

LC50

LC90

LC95

LC50

LC90

LC95

2.8

1.5

1.4

7.0

1.2

0.7

  1. Concentration: %; df: degree of freedom.
  2. Relative toxicity = LC50 of the least toxic compound/LC50 of the tested compound.
  3. Toxicity index = LC50 of the most toxic compound × 100/LC50 of the tested compound.