Figure 1

Study design and main behavioral variables. Eighty-seven healthy young adults participated in the ESM survey two weeks after completing the questionnaire of perceived FWB, including MA, CMS, and FFS, and MRI scanning consisting of anatomical T1 and rs-fMRI sessions (A). Five times a day for seven consecutive days, the participants were asked to report their real-world experiences, including the presence of positive or negative expectations, three domains of current affective states, and four domains of momentary happiness reflecting both subjective and psychological well-being (B). The average response was 30.8 times out of 35 surveys for a week, yielding a response rate of 88.01%. The total time points included in the behavioral analyses were 2680. The distributions of the major behavioral variables of our interest are presented (C). The degree to which participants’ affective states were influenced by the presence of upcoming positive or negative events was quantified with linear mixed-effects models. Higher scores in anticipatory responses during positive expectations indicate greater positive responses to positive future events in the measures of emotional valence (i.e., greater positive feeling), interestedness (i.e., greater interestedness), and activeness (i.e., greater activeness). In contrast, higher anticipatory response scores during negative expectations indicate greater negative responses to negative future events in the measures of emotional valence (i.e., negative feeling), interestedness (i.e., greater boredom), and activeness (i.e., greater passiveness). ESM experience sampling method, FWB financial well-being, rs-fMRI resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging.