Table 3 The independent validation results of biomass and carbon models for 20 forest types.

From: Estimating changes of forest carbon storage in China for 70 years (1949–2018)

Forest type

TRE/%

ASE/%

Model (1)

Model (2)

Model (3)

Model (1)

Model (2)

Model (3)

Coniferous

 Fir

 − 0.09

0.02

 − 0.11

 − 0.03

0.40

 − 0.02

 Spruce

 − 1.56

 − 1.40

 − 1.57

 − 3.31

 − 3.38

 − 3.32

 Larch

0.29

0.24

0.27

 − 3.13

 − 2.06

 − 3.14

 Chinese fir

0.29

0.32

0.38

0.45

0.46

0.52

 Cypress

0.43

0.42

0.38

2.05

2.20

2.18

 Masson pine

 − 0.44

 − 0.56

 − 0.46

3.61

2.95

3.56

 Chinese pine

0.60

0.73

0.71

3.92

3.34

3.92

 Yunnan pine

1.10

1.01

1.19

 − 0.93

 − 1.11

 − 1.04

 Other coniferous

 − 2.93

 − 2.90

 − 3.16

2.03

2.36

2.16

Broadleaved

 Oak

 − 0.61

 − 0.46

 − 0.57

1.60

3.06

1.50

 Birch

0.44

0.47

0.43

2.91

4.08

2.91

 Poplar

 − 0.72

 − 0.75

 − 0.75

3.32

4.31

3.38

 Robinia

2.16

2.09

2.11

3.48

4.47

3.41

 Eucalypt

1.19

1.19

1.22

0.97

1.72

1.15

 Rubber-woods

 − 0.05

 − 0.08

 − 0.02

 − 3.32

 − 2.72

 − 3.29

 Other hard-broad

 − 0.87

 − 0.92

 − 0.97

1.52

2.64

1.03

 Other soft-broad

0.57

0.78

0.48

3.57

4.87

3.45

Mixed

 Coniferous

0.66

0.48

0.70

1.58

1.33

1.51

 Conifer-broadleaved

 − 0.16

 − 0.30

 − 0.21

1.58

1.73

1.45

 Broadleaved

 − 0.10

 − 0.09

 − 0.08

0.78

1.70

0.63