Table 3 Chemical composition of Persian Gulf seawater and formation water.

From: Modeling of formation damage during smart water flooding in sandstone reservoirs

Composition

Na+ (mg/L)

Ca2+ (mg/L)

Mg2+ (mg/L)

Cl− (mg/L)

Sr2+ (mg/L)

SO42− (mg/L)

HCO3− (mg/L)

pH (mg/L)

TDS (mg/L)

Ionic strength (mol/L)

Seawater

16,814.54

596.5

1945

29,334

0

4360

184.5

8.15

53,235

1.06

Formation water

59,112.8

23,547.4

2744.4

141,151.25

976

396.2

294

6.16

228,222

4.71