Figure 4
From: Arthrocentesis approaches to the phalangeal joints of the one humped camel (Camelus dromedarius)
Lateral view of the left distal forelimb. (A) Bones, (B) casting, (C) dissection, and (D) arthrocentesis approaches on an intact specimen. Mc IV distal end of metacarpal bone IV, P1 proximal phalanx, P2 middle phalanx, P3 distal phalanx, APS abaxial proximal sesamoid bone, a proximal palmar pouch of the metacarpophalangeal joint, b distal palmar pouch of the metacarpophalangeal joint, c proximal dorsal recess of the metacarpophalangeal joint, d metacarpophalangeal joint cavity, e proximal palmar pouch of the proximal interphalangeal joint, f proximal dorsal recess of the proximal interphalangeal joint, g distal abaxial recess of the proximal interphalangeal joint, h proximal palmar pouch of the distal interphalangeal joint, i proximal dorsal recess of the distal interphalangeal joint, IOM interosseous medius muscle, SDF superficial digital flexor tendon, DDF deep digital flexor tendon, LMp lateral arthrocentesis approach of the proximal palmar pouch of the metacarpophalangeal joint, LPI lateral arthrocentesis approach of the proximal palmar pouch of the interphalangeal joint. Double encircled areas indicate the needle insertion point via a lateral injection approach.
