Table 2 GDI HEV on board test section analysis.

From: Effect of driving characteristics and ambient temperature on the particle emissions during engine restart of spark ignition hybrid electric vehicle

Items

ER PN

Normal PN

Total

ER count

152

–

–

Time [sec]

760 (11.3%)

5283 (88.7%)

6721 (100%)

PN [#]

1.02 × 1011 (90.2%)

1.1 × 1010 (9.8%)

1.13 × 1011 (100%)

PN [%]/time [%]

7.98

0.11

1

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