Figure 2 | Scientific Reports

Figure 2

From: Adenosine A1 receptors of the medullary solitary tract arbitrate the nicotine counteraction of neuroinflammation and cardiovascular dysfunction in septic rats

Figure 2

The dose-dependent increase in time-course (panels A–C) and cumulative changes (areas under the curves, AUCs, panels B–D) in time-domain indices of HRV (SDNN, the standard deviation of NN intervals, and rMSSD, the square root of the mean squared differences of successive NN intervals, as measures of overall HRV and parasympathetic activity, respectively) evoked by i.v. nicotine (25, 100 μg/kg) in septic (cecal ligation and puncture, CLP) male rats. Values are means ± SEM of 6–8 observations. The one-way (panels A–C) and repeated measures ANOVA (panels B–D) followed by the Tukey’s post hoc test were employed to test for statistical significance. aP < 0.05 vs. “sham/saline”, bP < 0.05 vs. “CLP/saline”.

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