Table 1 Descriptive summary of included studies.
Study characteristics | Total (n = 10)† |
|---|---|
Geographical location | |
North America | 3 (30) |
Europe | 2 (20) |
Australia | 2 (20) |
Asia | 3 (30) |
Setting* | |
Community-based | 5 (50) |
Outpatient (hospital) | 5 (50) |
Long-term care centers/nursing homes | 3 (30) |
Study design | |
Parallel arms | 6 (60) |
Cluster | 2 (20) |
2 × 2 factorial design | 2 (20) |
Duration | |
12 months | 8 (80) |
18 months | 2 (20) |
Population characteristics | |
Sample size at baseline (range) | 20–555 |
Mean age (range) | 65–78 |
Percent male participants (range) | 22–70 |
Years of education (range) | 3–16 |
Global cognition—MMSE, n = 1386, mean score (SD) | 26 (2) |
Fitness level at baseline | |
Majority not regularly active/sedentary | 5 (50) |
Majority active | 2 (20) |
Not reported | 3 (30) |
Intervention design* | |
Intervention length 12 months | 6 (60) |
Intervention length 6 months | 4 (40) |
Aerobic (walking) | 5 (50) |
Multicomponent exercise | 2 (20) |
Resistance training | 1 (10) |
Tai Chi | 1 (10) |
Interactive video gaming | 1 (10) |
Exercise frequency in times/week (range) | 1–4 |
Duration in minutes/day (range) | 25–90 |
Overall exercise volume–mean min/d × d/wk × wks (SD) | 4722 (1910) |
Moderate intensity (as reported) | 6 (60) |
High intensity (as reported) | 2 (20) |
Progressive intensity | 1 (10) |
Not reported | 1 (10) |
Control group design* | |
Stretching and toning/low-intensity activity | 5 (50) |
Educational material/sessions | 4 (40) |
Social gathering | 2 (20) |
