Table 2 Fungicide exposure, parental insecticide resistance genotype (RS/RR), and their interaction affect the female and male body mass (emergence, before winter, and after winter) of the Colorado potato beetles, from Belchow and Vermont populations.

From: Fungicides modify pest insect fitness depending on their genotype and population

Population

Sex

Model

Emergence mass

Before winter mass

After winter mass

Fdf

p

Fdf

p

Fdf

p

Belchow

♀

parental genotype

12.81,90

 < 0.001

12.61,88

 < 0.001

3.61,77

0.062

fungicide exposure

1.51,90

0.228

2.81,88

0.099

1.71,77

0.194

parental genotype* fungicide exposure

8.31,90

0.005

2.61,88

0.110

2.11,77

0.156

family

1.71,90

0.199

0.31,88

0.569

1.31,77

0.257

♂

parental genotype

2.61,80

0.108

0.91,75

0.354

2.21,64

0.146

fungicide exposure

0.51,80

0.471

 < 0.011,75

0.963

0.51,64

0.461

parental genotype* fungicide exposure

1.11,80

0.466

0.31,75

0.613

1.41,64

0.237

family

1.01,80

0.324

0.81,75

0.361

3.71,64

0.059

Vermont

♀

parental genotype

5.01,100

0.027

14.91,99

 < 0.001

9.31,91

0.003

fungicide exposure

0.41,100

0.530

1.11,99

0.288

0.21,91

0.676

parental genotype* fungicide exposure

4.61,100

0.034

7.21,99

0.008

8.61,91

0.004

family

0.31,100

0.615

9.01,99

0.003

2.71,91

0.101

♂

parental genotype

6.61,101

0.011

1.01,95

0.308

4.81,87

0.031

fungicide exposure

12.11,101

 < 0.001

10.21,95

0.002

7.81,87

0.006

parental genotype* fungicide exposure

1.11,101

0.287

0.21,95

0.636

0.081,87

0.774

family

0.21,101

0.659

0.71,95

0.411

4.01,87

0.048

  1. Parents were either homozygous (RR) or heterozygous (RS) for the S291G mutation in the acetylcholinesterase-2 gene. Significant results (p < 0.05) are shown in bold.
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