Table 3 Carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk of heavy metals in winter and summer in urban and industrial areas.

From: Investigating PM2.5 toxicity in highly polluted urban and industrial areas in the Middle East: human health risk assessment and spatial distribution 

 

Age group

Al

Ni

Cr

Cd

Mn

As

Hg

Winter

Industrial Min

HQinh

 < 2

3.75E−02

3.29028

1.99 E−01

3.71E+00

8.87 E−01

1.88E+00

6.07 E−02

2–16

3.75 E−02

3.29028

1.99 E−01

3.71E+00

8.87 E−01

1.88E+00

6.07 E−02

16–70

3.75 E−02

3.29028

1.99 E−01

3.71E+00

8.87 E−01

1.88E+00

6.07 E−02

LTCR

 < 2

*

3.16 E−07

4.78 E−05

1.91 E−06

*

1.91 E−06

*

2–16

*

2.21 E−06

3.35 E−04

1.33 E−05

*

1.33 E−05

*

16–70

*

8.69 E−06

1.32 E−03

5.24 E−05

*

5.24 E−05

*

Urban

HQinh

 < 2

3.86 E−02

3.47443

1.62 E−01

3.76E+00

7.31 E−01

1.19E+00

4.13 E−02

2–16

3.86 E−02

3.47443

1.62 E−01

3.76E+00

7.31 E−01

1.19E+00

4.13 E−02

16–70

3.86 E−02

3.47443

1.62 E−01

3.76E+00

7.31 E−01

1.19E+00

4.13 E−02

LTCR

 < 2

*

3.34 E−07

3.88 E−05

1.94 E−06

*

1.53 E−07

*

2–16

*

2.33 E−06

2.72 E−04

1.36 E−05

*

1.07 E−06

*

16–70

*

9.17 E−06

1.07 E−03

5.32 E−05

*

4.21 E−06

*

Summer

Industrial Min

HQinh

 < 2

2.72 E−02

2.85218

1.66 E−01

4.61E+00

7.05 E−01

1.14E+00

5.08 E−02

2–16

2.72 E−02

2.85218

1.66 E−01

4.61E+00

7.05 E−01

1.14E+00

5.08 E−02

16–70

2.72 E−02

2.85218

1.66 E−01

4.61E+00

7 E−01

1.14E+00

5.08 E−02

LTCR

 < 2

*

2.74 E−07

3.99 E−05

2.37 E−06

*

1.46 E−07

*

2–16

*

1.92 E−06

2.79 E−04

1.66 E−05

*

1.02 E−06

*

16–70

*

7.53 E−06

1.10 E−03

6.52 E−05

*

4.02 E−06

*

Urban

HQinh

 < 2

2.71 E−02

2.64190

1.62 E−01

4.18E+00

8.6 E−01

1.10E+00

4.16 E−02

2–16

2.71 E−02

2.64190

1.62 E−01

4.18E+00

8.6 E−01

1.10E+00

4.16 E−02

16–70

2.71 E−02

2.64190

1.62 E−01

4.18E+00

8.6 E−01

1.10E+00

4.16 E−02

LTCR

 < 2

*

2.54 E−07

3.89 E−05

2.15 E−06

*

1.41 E−07

*

2–16

*

1.78 E−06

2.72 E−04

1.50 E−05

*

9.87 E−07

*

16–70

*

6.97 E−06

1.07 E−03

5.91 E−05

*

3.88 E−06

*