Table 3 Summary of the persistence of keratinocyte cell targets after 2 months indoors and outdoors.

From: Targeting cell-derived markers to improve the detection of invisible biological traces for the purpose of genetic-based criminal identification

Molecular type

Targets

Probes

Indoors

Outdoors

Nucleic acid

DNA

Dapi

 + 

 + 

DNA

Hoechst 33342

 + 

 + 

Proteins

Histone

Mab anti-H2B

 + 

 + 

Laminin (Lam)

Pab anti-Lam

 + 

 + 

Fibronectin (Fn)

Pab anti-Fn

 + 

 − 

Disappears after 5 weeks

Integrin α5β1

Mab anti-5β1

 − 

 − 

Disappears after 5 weeks

Disappears after 4 weeks

Actin

Phalloidin

 + 

 + 

Keratin 10 (K10)

Pab anti-Ker

 + 

 + 

Carbohydrate patterns

Man

Con A

 + 

 + 

Gal

PNA

 + 

 + 

GlcNAc

SNA

 + 

 + 

Fuc

UEA

 + 

 + 

  1. Table represents the persistence (+) or disappearance (−) of targets after 2 months indoors but also outdoors. Pab = polyclonal antibody, Mab = Monoclonal antibody. In bold, targets that were selected for further study because they persisted over time.
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