Table 4 Decoupling index of various drivers of transportation carbon emissions in Guangdong from 2001 to 2020.

From: Analysis of the decoupling effect and driving factors of carbon emissions from the transportation sector in Guangdong Province

Time

\(T_{es}\)

\(T_{ei}\)

\(T_{tu}\)

\(T_{gp}\)

\(T_{pr}\)

\(T_{r}\)

\(T_{{\left( {c,tgdp} \right)}}\)

2001–2002

− 0.007

− 0.065

− 0.517

1.353

− 0.901

1.062

0.924

2002–2003

− 0.301

1.477

− 1.581

2.356

− 2.544

2.801

2.208

2003–2004

− 0.025

0.166

− 0.015

0.888

− 2.018

2.153

1.150

2004–2005

0.179

0.308

0.239

0.748

− 0.492

0.547

1.528

2005–2006

− 0.008

− 0.757

0.065

0.707

0.019

0.149

0.175

2006–2007

− 0.009

− 0.066

− 0.326

1.107

− 0.704

0.920

0.922

2007–2008

0.006

− 0.044

− 0.282

0.973

0.155

0.152

0.961

2008–2009

− 0.039

0.028

− 0.973

1.479

− 0.977

1.471

0.988

2009–2010

− 0.019

− 0.140

− 0.099

0.811

− 0.097

0.376

0.833

2010–2011

− 0.032

− 0.501

0.132

0.581

− 0.129

0.385

0.436

2011–2012

0.001

− 0.586

0.312

0.439

− 0.114

0.328

0.380

2012–2013

0.033

− 1.795

− 0.119

0.783

− 0.251

0.514

− 0.835

2013–2014

− 0.008

− 0.530

0.260

0.529

− 0.114

0.296

0.433

2014–2015

− 0.036

− 0.266

− 0.297

1.015

− 0.440

0.713

0.690

2015–2016

0.185

− 0.083

0.082

0.667

− 0.140

0.386

1.097

2016–2017

− 0.230

− 0.249

0.138

0.610

0.021

0.202

0.493

2017–2018

− 0.074

− 0.583

− 0.075

0.784

− 0.065

0.336

0.323

2018–2019

− 0.090

− 0.597

0.071

0.735

− 0.705

0.876

0.290

2019–2020

0.179

2.348

1.584

− 0.331

0.148

− 0.445

3.482