Figure 4
From: Topology of turbulence within collisionless plasma reconnection
Electron energization and magnetic field topology. Observations at MMS 3 plotted as a function of time of (a): Differential electron flux integrated over energy range of 800 eV to \(10^4\) eV and (b) electron temperature anisotropy. The shaded regions are selected time intervals before (i), during (ii) and after (iii) MMS 3 encounters the reconnection region at \(t=0\); Panels (c) and (d) show these observations in the parameter space of the averaged topological invariants \({\overline{R}}_s\), \({\overline{Q}}_s\) of the magnetic field obtained from all four MMS spacecraft. Panels (ci)–(ciii) plot the integrated differential electron flux and panels (di)–(diii) plot the electron temperature anisotropy. The arrow indicates the same group of observations as indicated by blue markers in panels (b), (c) of Fig. 3. Solid red and magenta curves are the same as these described in Fig. 3, panel (c).
