Figure 6

(a) Theoretical surface velocities illustrating the change in the NZ plate kinematics relative to SA from the period July 1996—June 1999 (red arrows) to the period July 2006—June 2009 (blue arrows). Surface velocities calculated from the Euler vector inferred by Quiero et al.⁶⁶ from the stage from present-day to 0.78 Ma are shown in grey. Ellipses around velocity arrows show the 95% confidence level. Continents are in light grey, and plate boundaries are shown with thick black lines. (b) Convergence rate calculated along the NZ-SA plate boundary (i.e. the Andean Trench), expressed in mm/yr and calculated using the Euler vectors defining the motion of NZ relative to SA for the first (in red) and last (in blue) time periods. Solid lines represent the average values, while the shaded areas indicate the \(2\sigma\) (95%) confidence range. This figure has been produced partially using Generic Mapping Tools version 6⁷⁶.