Table 6 Spearman's rank correlation coefficients between health risk behaviour indicators (columns) and the studied education indices (rows; only the significant coefficients are presented, p < 0.05).

From: Risk and protective factors for health behaviour in adolescence in Europe

 

Suicide -14

Suicide 15-

Adol pregn

Alcohol

Drug

Smoking

Phys act

Leisure act

Education indices

 Children (%) to teachers and academic staffa

 

 Early leavers (%) from educationa

 

 Population (%) primary education only (25 years)a

 

0.467

     

0.469

 Literacy rate (%, 15 years)a

 

− 0.500

     

− 0.442

 Underachievement rate in schoolb

0.395

0.427

      
  1. Suicide -14: suicide and intentional self-harm, 0–14 years, per 100,000 population, Suicide 15-: suicide and intentional self-harm, 15–29 years, per 100,000 population, Adol pregn: adolescent pregnancy rate (per 1000 women), Alcohol: pure alcohol consumption, litres per capita, age 15–29 years, Drug: drug dependence and toxicomania, 15–29 years, per 100,000 population, Smoking: proportion of 15-year-old adolescents smoking daily, Phys act: performing health-enhancing aerobic and muscle-strengthening physical activity 15–19 years at least once a week, Leisure act: Percentage of children in households where at least one child does not participate in a “regular leisure activity” and/or "go on holiday away from home at least one week per year.
  2. data sources (see Table 1).
  3. aOrganisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.
  4. bEU Kids Online 2020 survey.
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