Table 1 Patient characteristics.
Characteristics | EC (N = 125) | HC (N = 107) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Discovery | Validation | Discovery | Validation | |
Cases | 87 | 38 | 75 | 32 |
Demographic data | ||||
 Age, years, means ± SD | 63.9 ± 7.4 | 65.1 ± 8.9 | 57.2 ± 9.1 | 57.1 ± 7.6 |
 Gender (male) | 75 (86.2) | 33 (86.8) | 64 (85.3) | 22 (68.8) |
 Body height, cm, means ± SD | 168.3 ± 6.7 | 168.1 ± 7.2 | 170.3 ± 8.4 | 171.4 ± 8.2 |
 Weight, means ± SD | 67.7 ± 12.4 | 65.7 ± 9.1 | 63.5 ± 5.3 | 62.5 ± 6.4 |
 BMI, medians (IQR) | 23.2 (21.1–26.2) | 22.9 (21.7–24.3) | 22.1 (20.7–22.8) | 21.4 (20.5–22.0) |
 Smoking history | 63 (72.4) | 24 (63.2) | 18 (24.0) | 5 (15.6) |
 Current smoking | 43 (49.4) | 11 (28.9) | 14 (18.7) | 2 (6.3) |
 Alcohol history | 57 (65.5) | 27 (71.1) | 16 (21.3) | 4 (12.5) |
 Current alcohol drinking | 39 (44.8) | 15 (39.5) | 12 (16.0) | 3 (9.4) |
Comorbidities | ||||
 Diabetes | 7 (8.0) | 4 (10.5) | 7 (9.3) | 2 (6.3) |
 Cardiovascular disease | 5 (5.7) | 3 (7.9) | 6 (8.0) | 3 (9.4) |
 Respiratory disease | 2 (2.3) | 0 | 2 (2.7) | 0 |
Pathological data | ||||
 Cancer type | ||||
  SC/AC | 84/3 (96.6/3.4) | 35/3 (92.1/7.9) |  |  |
 Pathological stage | ||||
  I/II/III/IV | 18/27/29/13 | 6/12/16/4 |  |  |
(20.7/31.1/33.3/14.9) | (15.8/31.6/42.1/10.5) | Â | Â | |
 Vascular embolus or neural invasion | 46 (52.9) | 16 (42.1) |  |  |
 Lymph node metastasis | 43 (49.4) | 21 (55.3) |  |  |
 Differentiation degree | ||||
  G1 | 22 (25.3) | 7 (18.4) |  |  |
  G2 | 28 (32.2) | 11 (28.9) |  |  |
  G3 | 37 (42.5) | 20 (52.6) |  |  |