Figure 1

Effects of waterlogging stress on plant and soil characteristics in rapeseed seedlings. Treatment consisted of one control treatment, normal irrigation (control, CK), and two treatments: waterlogging lasting 7-day and 21-day. Significant differences among sets at the maximum points are denoted by lowercase letters above each bar (P < 0.05). (A) Represent plant height, (B) represent SPAD values, (C) represent soil redox potential, (D) represent soil moisture. The x-axis denotes the duration in days post-waterlogging exposure. Bars and error bars represent mean and standard error.