Figure 1 | Scientific Reports

Figure 1

From: Treatment with a Lactococcus lactis that chromosomally express E. coli cfaI mitigates salivary flow loss in a Sjögren’s syndrome-like disease

Figure 1

Oral treatments with Lactococcus lactis strain 301 (LL 301) protect against the development of SjS. (A) LL 301 with the E. coli cfaI operon incorporated into its chromosome produces CFA/I protein similar to that generated by episomally produced by the LL-CFA/I strain. A Western blot was performed on whole bacterial extracts from LL 301 electrophoresed in SDS polyacrylamide gel, and compared to bacterial extracts from LL-CFA/I and wild-type (WT) LL. The CfaB subunit was detected with a rabbit anti-CFA/I fimbriae (produced in-house) and migrated with similar molecular weight (MW) as purified CFA/I fimbriae. The amount produced by 109 bacteria is estimated from densiometric scan of purified CFA/I fimbriae. The original Western blot is presented in Supplemental Fig. 1. (B) The doses and (C) treatment regimen of C57BL/6.NOD-Aec1Aec2 (SjS) mice used in this study is provided. Individual salivary flow rate (SFR) were measured prior to treatment at 10 weeks of age and after completion of treatments at 25 weeks of age. Groups of 10-week-old SjS (8–9 mice/group) females were orally dosed with 5 × 107 (low dose) 5 × 108 (medium dose), or 5 × 109 CFUs (high dose) of LL 301, 5 × 107 LL-CFA/I, or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). Additional doses were administered to the mice every 3 weeks. SFR measurements (D) relative to 6 weeks of age and (E) relative to PBS-treated mice are shown; ***P < 0.001, **P < 0.01, *P < 0.05 versus 6 week or PBS-treated groups; ns = not significant. (F) The percentage of animals being serum anti-nuclear antibody (ANA) positive was determined for PBS- and LL 301-treated mice; **P < 0.02 versus the indicated group.

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