Table 5 Practices related to the harvesting of medicinal plants, preparation and conservation of medicinal recipes..

From: Local knowledge, practices, challenges of ethnopharmacologically used medicinal plants in Benin and implications for brain illnesses

 

Number of responses

Percentage (%)

Methods of harvesting plant species

 Harvest the whole plant without roots

27

18.9

 Harvest specific plant organs

86

60.1

 Uprooting

30

21

Harvesting technique

 No particular precaution

9

9.9

 Do not collect all the species at a site

82

90.1

Solvents used for the preparation of the medicinal recipes

 Water

86

27.5

 Alcohol

73

23.3

 Water-Alcohol mixture

19

6.1

 Honey

72

23

 Oil

49

15.7

 Others

14

4.5

Storage of the medicinal recipes

 Protect from heat

46

28.4

 Airtight

39

24.1

 With heat

11

6.8

 Cold

8

4.9

 Using chemical preservatives

6

3.7

 Use of alcohol or other beverages

31

19.1

 Others

21

13

Products efficacy confirmation

 Laboratory analysis

21

23.1

 Patients feedback

44

48.4

 Not verified

8

8.8

 Personal check

18

19.8

Products toxicity tests

 Laboratory analysis

26

28.6

 Patients feedback

17

18.7

 Not verified

23

25.3

 Personal check

25

27.5

Quality control of the herbal products

 Not conducted

29

31.9

 Refer to a laboratory

19

20.9

 Personal check of the products

23

25.3

 Not tested

20

22

Tests conducted for quality control of herbal products

 Determination of bioactive molecules

9

9.9

 Search for microbial contaminants

8

8.8

 Search for foreign organic contaminants

8

8.8

 Humidity test

7

7.7

 Research of metallic trace elements

4

4.4

 Search for radioactive contaminants

6

6.6

 Testing for pesticides

0

0

Not tested

49

53.8

Stability control tests performed

 pH test

11

12.1

 Temperature variation test

8

8.8

 Centrifugation test

7

7.7

 Dissolution profile test

3

3.3

 Color change test

9

9.9

 Impurity Level test

4

4.4

Not tested

49

53.8

  1. We report TMPs’ practices of TM from harvesting to distribution of an herbal preparation.