Table 3 Mendelian randomization estimates between muscle weakness and outcomes after excluding outliers detected by MR-PRESSO.

From: Causal influence of muscle weakness on cardiometabolic diseases and osteoporosis

Outcomes

Estimate

SE

95% CI

P-value

Heart failure excluding 2 outliers (rs13107325, rs10952289)

− 0.149

0.047

−0. 241, −0. 056

0.002

Atrial fibrillation excluding one outlier (rs143384)

− 0.041

0.053

− 0.144, 0.063

0.441

Type 2 diabetes excluding four outliers (rs7624084, rs34415150, rs10952289, rs62102286)

0.024

0.080

− 0.131, 0.180

0.759

eBMD excluding 11 outliers (rs12140813, rs958685, rs7624084, rs13107325, rs34415150, rs10952289, rs11236213, rs34464763, rs3118903, rs8061064, rs62102286)

− 0.013

0.034

− 0.079, 0.053

0.704

Fracture excluding 2 outliers (rs10952289, rs34464763)

0.037

0.040

− 0.042, 0.117

0.355