Figure 4
Summary and significance of the results for future research. A simplified phylogenetic tree of the Paridae family, depicting the positions of the Oriental Tit and the Varied Tit, along with representative sonograms of their "snake calls". The subfigure on the right illustrates the observed fledging behavior of nestlings from these two subject species, triggered by playback of conspecific and heterospecific "snake calls." This phylogenetic tree is based on the work of Johansson et al. (2018)24. The bird images of the both study species were drawn by Jungmoon Ha, the first author of the paper.
