Table 3 Multivariate meta-regression analysis results.

Host	Model	p-value	R² (%)
Camels	–	–	–
Cattle	District * Sample Size	0.059	0.94
	District * Target	0.056	7.81
	Sample Size * Target	0.013	0.00
	District * Target * Sample Size	0.43	0.00
Chickens	–	–	–
Dogs	District * Sample Size	0.099	39.05
	District + Target	0.0079^†	71.69
	Sample Size * Target	0.056	33.63
	District + Sample Size + Target	0.0079^†	71.59
Donkeys	–	–	–
Goats	District * Study Period	0.18	0.00
	District * Target	< 0.0001	59.52
	Study Period * Target	< 0.0001	66.77
	District + Study Period + Target	< 0.0001^†	54.75
Pigs	Target*Study Period	< 0.0001	73.34
Sheep	District * Study Period	0.0029	73.50
	District * Sample Size	0.0029	73.50
	Study Period * Sample Size	0.0229	47.99
	District * Study Period * Sample Size	0.0029	73.50

Note: an asterisk (*) denotes an interaction between the two neighboring variables, while a plus symbol (+) denotes an additive effect model where interactions could not be executed.
p-values in bold indicate models with a p-value < 0.05.
^†Could not run interactions—the number of parameters estimated exceeded the number of observations.

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