Table 2 Results of hierarchical Amova comparing genetic variation within breeding populations, among breeding populations within the five clusters, and among clusters.

From: Fine-scale spatial genetic structure and dispersal among Italian smooth newt populations in a rural landscape

Source of variation

d.f

Sum of square

Percentage of variation

P value

Including admixed populations

 Within populations

464

1524.000

86.73

 < 0.001*

 Among populations within clusters

20

1781.911

7.89

 < 0.001*

 Among clusters

4

143.065

5.38

 < 0.001*

Excluding admixed populations

 Within populations

367

1205.000

85.78

 < 0.001*

 Among populations within clusters

15

1402.708

7.73

 < 0.001*

 Among clusters

4

144.574

6.49

 < 0.001*

  1. Significance was tested against a null distribution of 10,000 random permutations. The test was performed twice, including and excluding admixed populations. Significant P values are indicated with an asterisk.
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