Figure 5

Gene expression and protein levels of angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis markers in the thigh muscles after treatment with CCN2. (a) Vegfa (left) and Vegfc (right) expression levels in the ischemic hind limb on postoperative days 3 and 7 in the control group (gray) and the CCN2 group (light blue), n = 7–8 per group. (b) VEGF-A (left) and VEGF-C (right) levels in the ischemic hind limb on postoperative days 3 and 7 in the control group (gray) and the CCN2 group (light blue), n = 6–7 per group. The data are expressed as the mean ± standard error, n = 6–7 per group. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001. ns not significant, CCN2 cellular communication network factor 2, POD postoperative day, VEGF vascular endothelial growth factor.