Table 5 Comparison of mental health status between 2016, 2020, and 2021 in the NHTD.

From: Multicenter observational survey on psychosocial and behavioral impacts of COVID-19 in people living with HIV in Northern Vietnam

 

2016 surveya

2020 surveya

2021 surveya

pb

Pre-COVID

Post-COVID

General distress (DASS-21-V)c

 ≥ 34

–

66 (7.5)

78 (8.8)

0.24

Depression (CES-D)d

 ≥ 16

229 (27.9)

–

137 (16.7)

< 0.001

  1. NHTD National Hospital for Tropical Diseases.
  2. aThe 2016 survey was conducted from January to December 2016. The 2020 survey was conducted from June to July 2021. The 2021 survey was conducted from June 2021 to January 2022.
  3. bMcNemar test.
  4. cDASS-21-V: Vietnamese version of the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21. The prevalence of general distress was calculated in the 1110 study participants from the NHTD who completed both the 2020 survey (total participants = 1243) and 2021 (total participants = 1116) surveys.
  5. dCES-D: Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression. The prevalence of depression was calculated in the 822 study participants from the NHTD who gave valid responses to both the 2016 (total participants = 1208) and 2021 (total participants = 1116) surveys.
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