Table 7 Results of orbital measurements OB[s]10–90 (decile distances to superior rim) and OB[i]10–90 (decile distances to inferior rim) in dentate and edentulous individuals.

From: Insight into age-related changes of the human facial skeleton based on medieval European osteological collection

Decile	Measurement	Side	Females							Males
			Dentate			Edentulous			p value	Dentate			Edentulous			p value
			N	\({\overline{\text{x}}}\)	SD	N	\({\overline{\text{x}}}\)	SD	p value	N	\({\overline{\text{x}}}\)	SD	N	\({\overline{\text{x}}}\)	SD	p value
10	Upper rim	L	31	11.04	2.19	8	8.38	1.88	0.004*	28	10.97	1.86	9	8.71	2.02	0.01*
	Upper rim	R	30	10.23	1.81	7	7.66	1.42	0.003*	29	10.45	2.05	8	8.96	1.97	0.11
	Lower rim	L	30	17.88	2.75	8	13.28	2.53	0.001*	28	17.70	2.14	9	14.33	2.82	0.001*
	Lower rim	R	31	17.48	2.67	7	14.38	1.74	0.003*	27	17.67	1.98	8	13.57	2.77	0.001*
20	Upper rim	L	31	13.23	1.97	8	11.06	1.73	0.01*	28	13.24	1.49	9	11.13	2.03	0.01*
	Upper rim	R	31	12.45	2.00	7	10.36	1.31	0.01*	27	12.53	1.38	8	11.55	1.98	0.17
	Lower rim	L	31	20.75	2.48	8	17.53	2.11	0.001*	28	20.85	1.89	9	18.62	1.97	0.01*
	Lower rim	R	31	20.41	2.56	7	17.93	1.72	0.001*	27	20.93	1.74	8	18.08	1.57	0.002*
30	Upper rim	L	31	13.94	1.86	8	12.59	1.64	0.06	28	14.06	1.57	9	12.73	1.89	0.02*
	Upper rim	R	31	13.61	1.95	7	12.52	1.05	0.15	28	13.90	1.26	8	13.11	2.14	0.30
	Lower rim	L	31	22.98	2.22	8	20.48	2.10	0.02*	28	23.25	1.68	9	21.53	1.71	0.01*
	Lower rim	R	31	22.93	2.36	7	21.16	1.63	0.08	27	23.40	1.83	8	20.91	1.37	0.004*
40	Upper rim	L	31	13.89	1.68	8	13.21	1.43	0.25	28	13.86	1.37	9	13.12	2.02	0.10
	Upper rim	R	31	13.85	1.94	7	13.09	0.58	0.29	28	13.96	1.23	8	13.33	2.25	0.47
	Lower rim	L	31	24.55	2.01	8	22.88	1.87	0.14	28	24.94	1.94	9	23.61	1.47	0.03*
	Lower rim	R	31	24.71	2.29	7	23.38	1.59	0.11	27	24.95	1.77	8	23.07	1.26	0.01*
50	Upper rim	L	31	13.39	1.51	8	13.27	1.09	0.79	28	13.46	1.25	9	12.85	2.06	0.20
	Upper rim	R	31	13.61	1.88	7	13.21	0.48	0.64	28	13.59	1.21	8	13.31	2.18	0.52
	Lower rim	L	31	25.72	1.81	8	24.63	1.99	0.24	28	26.08	1.87	9	24.88	1.50	0.05
	Lower rim	R	31	25.80	2.23	7	24.88	1.68	0.31	27	26.02	1.72	8	24.40	1.18	0.03*
60	Upper rim	L	31	12.85	1.33	8	12.94	0.94	0.73	28	12.87	1.15	9	12.48	1.76	0.27
	Upper rim	R	31	12.97	1.79	7	12.84	0.73	0.76	28	13.14	1.17	8	13.10	1.94	0.88
	Lower rim	L	31	26.43	1.82	8	25.63	1.59	0.27	28	26.68	1.79	9	25.74	1.68	0.21
	Lower rim	R	31	26.38	2.18	7	25.42	1.75	0.43	27	26.58	1.71	8	25.28	1.25	0.06
70	Upper rim	L	31	11.86	1.34	8	12.02	1.00	0.86	28	11.79	1.11	9	11.74	1.50	0.51
	Upper rim	R	31	11.91	1.68	7	12.15	0.76	0.82	27	12.23	1.16	8	12.37	1.70	0.95
	Lower rim	L	31	26.56	1.87	8	25.82	1.45	0.30	28	26.76	1.72	9	25.96	1.82	0.23
	Lower rim	R	31	26.56	2.21	7	25.65	2.00	0.43	27	26.57	1.73	8	25.03	1.46	0.13
80	Upper rim	L	31	10.33	1.37	8	10.72	0.95	0.50	28	10.13	1.21	9	10.49	1.33	0.41
	Upper rim	R	31	10.37	1.59	7	10.93	0.76	0.30	27	10.70	1.19	8	10.98	1.35	0.60
	Lower rim	L	31	26.05	2.05	8	26.58	3.72	0.77	28	26.26	1.76	9	25.59	1.76	0.44
	Lower rim	R	31	26.05	2.25	7	25.26	2.03	0.42	27	26.06	1.76	8	25.03	1.46	0.19
90	Upper rim	L	31	7.61	1.29	8	8.26	0.97	0.16	28	7.40	1.26	9	7.91	1.24	0.18
	Upper rim	R	31	7.87	1.52	7	8.51	0.61	0.26	27	8.20	1.30	8	8.57	1.01	0.49
	Lower rim	L	31	23.93	2.64	8	22.87	1.33	0.19	28	24.15	1.91	9	23.37	2.72	0.45
	Lower rim	R	31	23.44	2.67	7	22.89	1.78	0.41	27	23.73	2.08	8	22.34	1.78	0.10

*Statistically significant for p < 0.05, Mann–Whitney U Test. Bolded values are statistically significant differences.
Abbreviations: L left, R right.

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Table 7 Results of orbital measurements OB[s]10–90 (decile distances to superior rim) and OB[i]10–90 (decile distances to inferior rim) in dentate and edentulous individuals.

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