Table 2 Prevalence of orthologous drug resistance markers in each district.

From: Genomic analysis of Plasmodium vivax describes patterns of connectivity and putative drivers of adaptation in Ethiopia

Gene

Chr

Position

Mutation

Drug

Frequency, % (no./No.)

Gondar

Metekel

North Shewa

East Shewa

West Arsi

Sidama

Hadiya

Jimma

Gamo

pvmdr1

10

479,908

F1076L

CQ

100 (5/5)

100 (6/6)

100 (15/15)

100 (4/4)

100 (36/36)

100 (6/6)

100 (4/4)

100 (19/19)

100 (6/6)

(PVP01_1010900)

10

480,207

Y976F

CQ, AQ + SP

40 (2/5)

33 (2/6)

50 (6/12)

25 (1/4)

67 (24/36)

40 (2/5)

25 (1/4)

32 (6/19)

50 (3/6)

 

10

Copy number variant

≥ 2 copies

MQ

0 (0/5)

0 (0/2)

0 (0/13)

0 (0/2)

0 (0/30)

0 (0/4)

0 (0/1)

0 (0/17)

0 (0/4)

pvdhfr-ts

5

1,077,530; 1,077,532

F57L/I

Antifolate, AQ + SP

0 (0/5)

0 (0/6)

0 (0/15)

0 (0/4)

0 (0/36)

0 (0/6)

0 (0/4)

0 (0/19)

0 (0/6)

(PVP01_0526600)

5

1,077,533; 1,077,534; 1,077,535

S58R

Antifolate, AQ + SP

100 (5/5)

100 (6/6)

100 (15/15)

75 (3/4)

75 (27/36)

100 (6/6)

50 (2/4)

89 (17/19)

100 (6/6)

 

5

1,077,543

T61M

Antifolate, AQ + SP

0 (0/5)

0 (0/6)

0 (0/15)

0 (0/4)

0 (0/36)

0 (0/6)

0 (0/4)

0 (0/19)

0 (0/6)

 

5

1,077,711

S117N/T

Antifolate, AQ + SP

100 (5/5)

100 (6/6)

100 (15/15)

100 (4/4)

92 (33/36)

100 (6/6)

100 (4/4)

95 (18/19)

100 (6/6)

   

Single mutant

Antifolate, AQ + SP

0 (0/5)

0 (0/6)

0 (0/15)

25 (1/4)

17 (6/36)

0 (0/6)

50 (2/4)

5 (1/19)

0 (0/6)

   

Double mutant

Antifolate, AQ + SP

100 (5/5)

100 (6/6)

100 (15/15)

75 (3/4)

75 (27/36)

100 (6/6)

50 (2/4)

89 (17/19)

100 (6/6)

   

Triple mutant

Antifolate, AQ + SP

0 (0/5)

0 (0/6)

0 (0/15)

0 (0/4)

0 (0/36)

0 (0/6)

0 (0/4)

0 (0/19)

0 (0/6)

pvdhps

  

Quadruple mutant

Antifolate, AQ + SP

0 (0/5)

0 (0/6)

0 (0/15)

0 (0/4)

0 (0/36)

0 (0/6)

0 (0/4)

0 (0/19)

0 (0/6)

(PVP01_1429500)

14

1,270,401

A553G

Antifolate

0 (0/5)

0 (0/6)

0 (0/15)

0 (0/4)

0 (0/36)

0 (0/6)

0 (0/4)

0 (0/19)

0 (0/6)

 

14

1,270,911

A383G

Antifolate

80 (4/5)

0 (0/6)

40 (6/15)

67 (2/3)

6 (2/36)

0 (0/6)

25 (1/4)

32 (6/19)

17 (1/6)

  1. Variants with frequency ≥ 10% but < 50% are highlighted in italics, and ≥ 50% in bold. Mutation prevalence was calculated with homozygous calls only. AQ amodiaquine, Chr chromosome, CQ chloroquine, MQ mefloquine, SP sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine.
Back to article page