Table 4 Between-group differences in posttreatment pain catastrophizing as measured by the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS) and the Brief Pain Catastrophizing Scale Scores (BriefPCS).

From: Establishing the interpretability and utility of the 4-item BriefPCS

 

Mean (SD) scores

Mean (SD) scores

Mean (SD) scores

Group comparison p-values

ER

CBT

HE

CBT vs HE

ER vs HE

CBT vs ER

PCS

BriefPCS

PCS

BriefPCS

PCS

BriefPCS

PCS

BriefPCS

PCS

BriefPCS

PCS

BriefPCS

M (SD)

M (SD)

M (SD)

M (SD)

M (SD)

M (SD)

p value

p value

p value

Baseline

22.09 (9.84)

7.46 (3.56)

23.01 (8.98)

7.46 (3.56)

24.81 (10.32)

8.17 (3.24)

N/A

N/A

N/A

Month 1

15.49 (8.90)

5.57 (3.36)

12.53 (8.26)

4.31 (3.27)

19.98 (9.60)

6.81 (3.21)

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

0.005

0.020

0.009

0.029

Month 2

13.95 (9.78)

4.67 (3.54)

12.57 (8.09)

4.32 (2.78)

19.36 (10.32)

6.32 (3.52)

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

0.002

0.002

0.260

0.722

Month 3

13.17 (10.15)

4.69 (3.82)

11.87 (9.25)

3.87 (3.16)

19.74 (9.95)

6.53 (3.35)

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

0.340

0.232

  1. PCS Pain Catastrophizing Scale, BriefPCS the 4-item PCS, CBT Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, ER Empowered Relief, HE Health Education.