Table 3 COPD-incidences by year of observation and income in men and women: Hazard ratios (HR), standard errors and confidence intervals.
From: Decreasing COPD-related incidences and hospital admissions in a German health insurance population
Year | Men | Women | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Hazard ratio | p | 95% CI | Hazard ratio | p | 95% CI | |
2008 | 1 | – | – | 1 | – | – |
2009 | 0.9 |  < 0.001 | 0.86–0.94 | 0.9 |  < 0.001 | 0.86–0.94 |
2010 | 1.05 | 0.04 | 1.00–1.10 | 1.03 | 0.28 | 0.98–1.08 |
2011 | 0.87 |  < 0.001 | 0.83–0.90 | 0.9 |  < 0.001 | 0.86–0.93 |
2012 | 0.84 |  < 0.001 | 0.81–0.88 | 0.83 |  < 0.001 | 0.79–0.86 |
2013 | 0.9 |  < 0.001 | 0.86–0.94 | 0.9 |  < 0.001 | 0.86–0.95 |
2014 | 0.82 |  < 0.001 | 0.78–0.85 | 0.81 |  < 0.001 | 0.78–0.85 |
2015 | 0.82 |  < 0.001 | 0.77–0.85 | 0.81 |  < 0.001 | 0.78–0.86 |
2016 | 0.72 |  < 0.001 | 0.69–0.76 | 0.7 |  < 0.001 | 0.67–0.74 |
2017 | 0.64 |  < 0.001 | 0.61–0.67 | 0.64 |  < 0.001 | 0.61–0.68 |
2018 | 0.62 |  < 0.001 | 0.59–0.65 | 0.59 |  < 0.001 | 0.56–0.62 |
2019 | 0.58 |  < 0.001 | 0.55–0.60 | 0.53 |  < 0.001 | 0.51–0.56 |
Income < 40% | 1 | – | – | 1 | – | – |
level 40–80% | 0.73 |  < 0.001 | 0.72–0.74 | 0.93 |  < 0.001 | 0.92–0.95 |
 > 80% | 0.67 |  < 0.001 | 0.66–0.68 | 0.84 |  < 0.001 | 0.82–0.86 |
Missing | 0.78 |  < 0.001 | 0.76–0.79 | 0.85 |  < 0.001 | 0.84–0.87 |
Age (months) | 1.002 |  < 0.001 | 1.0019–1.0020 | 1.0011 |  < 0.001 | 1.0010–1.0011 |
