Figure 4

Natto consumption suppresses CCL2 expression in macrophages. (A) TMAO concentration in the serum from the mice in each group 9 weeks after induction. n = 6 for HCD, HCD + HVK, HCD + LVK. n = 3 for HCD + NN. (B) The concentrations of IL6, CCL2, TNFa in the serum from the mice in HCD and HCD + HVK 9 weeks after induction. n = 6 for HCD, HCD + HVK. (C) Relative mRNA expression level of CCL2 in the peritoneal macrophages with or without 3% HVK extract treatment. Values are normalized to the CT values of HPRT. (D–F) Relative mRNA expression level of IL-1b, IL-10, TNFα, IL6, IFNγ with or without HVK extract supplementation. (G–I) Relative mRNA expression level of CCL2, IL-1b, IL-10 after NN or LVK extract supplementation. (C–I) n = 6 in each group. Data are shown as mean +/− SEM. HCD: High-cholesterol diet. HVK High-vitamin K natto. LVK Low-vitamin K natto. NN Normal natto.