Table 2 Condition optimization for the reaction of p-iodotoluene and benzeneboronic acid-catalyzed using the Ni(II)-β-CD complex.

From: A new β-cyclodextrin-based nickel as green and water-soluble supramolecular catalysts for aqueous Suzuki reaction

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Entry

Catalyst (mol%Ni)

Base

Solvent

Yielda (%)

1

2.5

K2CO3

THF

5

2

2.5

K2CO3

Toluene

7

3

2.5

K2CO3

CH3CN

11

4

2.5

K2CO3

dioxane

2

5

2.5

K2CO3

DMF

4

6

2.5

K2CO3

EtOH

35

7

2.5

K2CO3

MeOH

21

8

2.5

K2CO3

DMSO

Trace

9

2.5

K2CO3

H2O

96

10

2.5

K2CO3

H2O

41b

11

0.5

K2CO3

H2O

24

12

1

K2CO3

H2O

50

13

1.5

K2CO3

H2O

65

14

2

K2CO3

H2O

79

15

2.5

Cs2CO3

H2O

76

16

2.5

Na2CO3

H2O

79

17

2.5

DABCO

H2O

8

18

2.5

NEt3

H2O

Trace

19

2.5

t‐BuOK

H2O

55

  1. Reaction status: phenylboronic acid, p-iodotoluene, base (with the ratio: 0.75:0.5:0.75), Ni(II)-β-CD complex, and solvent (1 mL) undergo Argon.
  2. aYield determined by GC.
  3. bThe reaction was conducted at ambient temperature.
  4. Significant values are in bold.
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