Table 1 Summary of the magnitude and percentage changes in the trends of MSLA and its forcing factors for the periods 1993–2002, 2003- 2012, 2013–2020, and 1993–2020 in the GoG.

From: Sea level variability and modeling in the Gulf of Guinea using supervised machine learning

Variable

Period /trend

%Changes

1993–2002

2003–2012

2013–2020

2003–2012

2013–2020

1993–2020

MSLA

18.8

30.5

38.7

100

32

169

TSLA

− 19

− 16.3

13.6

14

183

172

HSLA

0.6

0.81

0.43

35

− 47

− 28

SSLA

− 18.6

− 15.5

14.1

17

191

175

Precipitation

0.15

0.13

0.44

− 13

238

193

Evaporation

− 0.17

− 0.06

− 0.15

65

150

12

Runoff

− 0.15

− 0.09

0.21

40

333

240

AtmPressure

4.9

− 16.5

− 5.5

− 437

67

− 212

WSC

0.004

0.002

− 0.004

− 50

− 300

− 200

Current

0.2

0.12

− 0.07

− 40

− 158

− 185

NHF

− 7.2

− 1.007

0.08

86

108

101

OHC

− 8.6e8

− 7.5e8

6.6e8

13

188

176